Cuphea llavea is one of about 260 species of Cupheas in the loosestrife family (Lythraceae). This fast growing tender broadleaf evergreen sub-shrub native to Mexico is sold as an annual or houseplant in cooler climates, sometimes under the synonym C. blepharophylla. It is often a conversation plant due to its unique flower shape. 
The common name bat-faced cuphea comes from the resemblance of the ends of the flower to a tiny bat face but it may also be called red cuphea or just cuphea (along with several other species; orange bat-faced cuphea is a different species, C. oreophila.) 
Plants can grow up to 2½ feet tall, but when grown as seasonal annuals generally only become 12-18 inches tall with an equal spread. They have a rounded, bushy habit and the foliage remains fresh all season if watered sufficiently. The stems are crowded with alternate dark green, thick, sandpapery leaves up to 3” long. Each ovate leaf is pointed and hairy. The foliage can tolerate light frost but not a hard freeze. 
Bat-faced cuphea begins blooming in late spring and continues until frost, producing clusters of numerous flowers in the leaf axils. Each flower has a one inch long, hairy purple calyx with two upward facing red petals at the end, forming the “ears” to go with the “bat face”. The remaining four petals are just little spiny remnants in the species but in some cultivars these are fully developed. Flowers are attractive to hummingbirds, bees and butterflies. The small, brown lentil-shaped seeds are found at the base of spent flowers that remain on the plant. 
There are a number of cultivars available which vary from the species including:
Plant bat-faced cuphea in annual beds, along the edges of borders or paths, or in containers – including hanging baskets – where its unique flowers can be appreciated up close. Combine bat-faced cuphea with plants with purple foliage or bright purple flowers to complement the dark “faces” of the flowers or red flowers, such as bright red impatiens, to coordinate with the “ears”. Use it alone or mixed with other plants such as coleus and ‘Blackie’ sweet potato vine in containers. Container-grown plants can be moved indoors to overwinter in a bright, sunny location with at least four hours of direct sun. Reduce watering and keep relatively cool (in the 60°F’s). 
Grow bat-faced cuphea in full sun in the ground or in containers. Provide regular moisture, although plants will tolerate dry conditions occasionally. Fertilize plants in containers several times during the summer months. Pinch back or shear if plants become too leggy later in the growing season. This low maintenance plant has few insect or disease problems but may be infested with whiteflies, mealybugs or aphids. C. llavea is propagated from seed, short softwood cuttings taken in late spring, or large plants can be divided. Start seeds indoors 10-12 weeks before the average last date of frost. The seeds need light to germinate so just press into the soil surface or barely cover. Seeds should germinate in 8-10 days if maintained at 70°F.
The uniquely shaped flowers of bat faced cuphea (Cuphea llavea) are certainly attention grabbers in any garden. However fungal diseases can quickly wreck the beauty of this tropical flowering plant. Catching and treating fungus problems early is key to getting rid of them and restoring plant health.
Common Fungal Diseases of Bat Faced Cuphea
Bat faced cuphea is prone to several destructive fungal diseases in warm humid environments. Here are some of the most common fungal infections to watch for
-
Powdery mildew – Causes white fuzzy growth on leaves, stems, and flowers. Leaves may become distorted or drop off.
-
Botrytis blight – Gray fuzzy mold that forms on flowers, leaves, and stems. Causes wilting and dieback.
-
Leaf spot – Small dark spots or lesions on leaves that can cause yellowing and leaf drop.
-
Root rot – Fungal infection of roots leading to wilting, yellowing, stunted growth.
-
Rust – Reddish or yellow spots on leaves that rupture and release orange spores. Causes leaf drop.
Detecting Fungal Diseases on Bat Faced Cuphea
Carefully inspect plants at least weekly during the warm growing season for any signs of fungal infection. Look for:
-
White powdery or fuzzy gray growth on plant parts
-
Dark lesions or spots on leaves and stems
-
Wilting, yellowing, or distorted growth
-
Premature leaf or flower drop
-
Stunted, slow growth
Catching fungus early provides the best chance to arrest infection before major plant damage occurs.
How to Get Rid of Fungus on Bat Faced Cuphea
If a fungal problem is identified, take prompt action to eradicate it:
Remove Infected Parts
Immediately prune off any leaves, stems, or flowers showing fungal growth. Bag up and discard infected plant material to prevent further spread. Sterilize pruners between each cut with isopropyl alcohol.
Improve Air Circulation
Allow more space between plants to encourage ample air movement. This reduces humidity levels around foliage and flowers. Avoid overcrowding.
Water at Base of Plants
Water bat faced cuphea at the soil level rather than from overhead. This keeps moisture off leaves, stems, and blooms to discourage fungal growth.
Apply Fungicide
Use a broad-spectrum fungicide labeled for ornamental plants. Make sure the product is effective against your specific fungal problem. Follow label instructions carefully. Repeat applications may be needed.
Increase Sun Exposure
Situate plants in full sun if possible or reduce shade. More sunlight and warmth helps dry out foliage and limit fungal disease development.
Reduce Humidity
Increase ventilation and air circulation around plants. Consider using fans to keep air moving. Avoid dense plantings and overcrowding.
Disinfect Tools
Clean and disinfect any garden tools after use on diseased plants. Use a bleach solution, Lysol, or isopropyl alcohol to kill fungal spores.
Improve Drainage
Make sure plants have well-draining soil that doesn’t hold excessive moisture. Amend dense, heavy soils with compost or perlite to improve drainage.
Avoid Wetting Foliage
When watering, aim for the soil and avoid getting water on leaves, flowers, and stems. This minimizes conditions conducive to fungal growth.
Preventing Recurrence of Fungus
Once fungus is eliminated, take proactive steps to prevent its return:
- Scout plants frequently for early detection
- Allow sufficient spacing between plants
- Use drip irrigation or water at the base
- Prune for open airflow
- Apply fungicide preventatively
- Avoid excessive humidity and moisture
With quick identification and treatment, you can get rid of fungal disease on your treasured bat faced cuphea plants. Consistent prevention and management will help ward off recurring issues in the future.
Featured Articles by Season
Ask Your Gardening Question
If you’re unable to find the information you need, please submit your gardening question here:
Bat Face Cuphea Plant (Cuphea llavea) And Cutting Propagation
FAQ
How do you save Cuphea?
How to care for bat face Cuphea?
How to get rid of fungus on plants naturally?
What is the best fertilizer for Cuphea?
What is a bat face Cuphea plant?
Native to Central America and Mexico, bat face cuphea plant (Cuphea llavea) is named for its interesting little bat-faced blooms of deep purple and bright red. Read this article for helpful informatio
How do you grow a bat face Cuphea?
The easiest way to grow cuphea flowers is to purchase bedding plants at a nursery or garden center. Otherwise, start seeds indoors 10 to 12 weeks before the last hard frost in your area. Plant bat face cuphea in full sunlight and the plant will reward you with color throughout the season.
How do you care for a bat faced Cuphea?
For best results, provide plants with: Organic soil. Full sun or part shade, depending on where you live. Regular water. All-purpose fertilizer. Bat-faced cuphea is fairly low maintenance. You can perform some light tip pruning or pinching if plants become too leggy.
Do cupheas have a bat face?
From their bat-faced appearance to their vibrant colors, cupheas add a touch of whimsy and beauty to any garden. So, if you’re looking for a plant that is both easy to care for and visually stunning, look no further than cupheas. Cuphea Bat Face, also known as Cuphea llavea, is a unique plant with beautiful bat-like flowers.