Root knot nematodes or eel worms are those hidden annoyances that you dont really know that youve got them until its too late. Root knot nematodes are a microscopic parasite that sucks the life out of your plants. If a plant collapses for no reason (looks like it needs watering but doesnt), looks droopy but bounces back in the evening, is generally failing to thrive and you get these little nodules on the roots it’s probably likely you have an infestation of them. Be aware that some nitrogen fixing nodules on beans and peas look very similar.
Recently I noticed some swiss chard struggling to take off. I thought perhaps I wasnt watering enough or I had planted too close. I decided to relocate a couple and thats when I found the problem.
Australian tree ferns are truly magnificent plants that can lend an exotic tropical feel to any garden. However, these beautiful ferns are prone to infestations by tiny yet destructive pests called nematodes. These microscopic worms feed on plant roots stunting growth and even killing the plant if left unchecked.
As a gardener, it’s crucial to know how to identify and treat nematode infestations to protect the health of your prized Australian tree ferns. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll cover proven methods to get rid of nematodes on Australian tree ferns, so you can maintain the good looks and vitality of these striking plants.
What Are Nematodes?
Nematodes are tiny, eel-like worms that dwell in the soil and attack plant roots. There are over 4,000 identified species of nematodes, many of which are parasites of plants. The most common nematodes that infest Australian tree ferns are root-knot nematodes. These pests puncture the roots to feed, creating knotty galls that disrupt the fern’s ability to take up water and nutrients.
Nematode infestations often go unnoticed at first, as the damage occurs underground. Over time, however, symptoms will become apparent. Watch for stunted growth, yellowing or wilting fronds, and a general lack of vitality in ferns with nematode problems. If left uncontrolled, nematodes can even kill Australian tree ferns.
Effective Ways to Get Rid of Nematodes
The good news is there are several effective tactics you can use to get rid of nematodes on your Australian tree ferns Integrating multiple methods provides the best control
Solarize the Soil
Solarization uses the sun’s heat to kill nematodes and other soil-dwelling pests To solarize
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Water soil thoroughly then cover with clear plastic sheeting.
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Seal the edges to trap heat and leave in place for 4-6 weeks during summer.
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The soil temperatures underneath the plastic can reach levels lethal to nematodes.
Apply Neem Oil
Neem oil is a natural pesticide that can safely eradicate nematodes around ferns. To use:
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Mix neem oil with water per label directions.
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Apply solution to soil around the fern, targeting areas where nematodes are active.
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Repeat every 7-10 days until infestation is gone.
Rotate Fern Locations
By moving ferns to new planting sites annually, nematode populations cannot accumulate in the soil. Choose areas with well-draining soil and sunlight.
Interplant with Nematode-Resistant Plants
Companion planting fern with marigolds, fava beans, or other nematode-resistant plants creates a barrier to protect roots.
Introduce Beneficial Nematodes
Applying commercially available beneficial nematodes to the soil can kill off harmful species. Follow product instructions carefully.
How to Prevent Nematodes from Returning
Getting rid of nematodes takes persistence. After treatment, take these steps to keep the pesky parasites from coming back:
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Annually replace the top 2-3 inches of soil around ferns to eliminate nematode eggs and larvae.
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Sterilize garden tools after working around infected ferns so you don’t spread nematodes.
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Avoid applying excess fertilizer, which encourages nematode populations.
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Inspect fern roots and soil regularly to catch infestations early.
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Rotate soil solarization, neem oil, and other treatments on a schedule to maintain control.
With diligence and repeated efforts, you can protect your Australian tree ferns from destructive nematode damage. Your handsome ferns will reward you with lush, vibrant growth for years to come. Don’t let tiny nematodes destroy the exotic splendor these special plants add to your garden.
Frequently Asked Questions About Nematodes on Australian Tree Ferns
What are the symptoms of nematode infestation?
Look for slowed growth, yellowing or browning fronds, wilting, drooping, and an overall lack of vigor. Nematode feeding damages roots, disrupting the fern’s water and nutrient intake.
How did my fern get nematodes?
Nematodes spread via infected soil, tools, and water. Their microscopic eggs can travel on nearly anything from footwear to rain splash. Purchase only nematode-free ferns.
How do I sample soil to test for nematodes?
Take several small soil samples from around fern roots, mix together, and send to a lab like your state’s agricultural extension. Home test kits are also available.
Are nematodes harmful to people or pets?
Most plant-parasitic nematodes do not cause human illness. A few soil-dwelling species can occasionally infect people with compromised immune systems. Always wear gloves when handling infested soil.
Can nematodes kill a mature Australian tree fern?
If left unchecked, yes. Severe or prolonged nematode damage can starve the fern’s extensive root system, eventually leading to death. Treat infestations promptly.
Protecting precious Australian tree ferns from nematodes requires persistence and integrating multiple control tactics. But the reward is sustaining the good health andastonishing beauty these tropical plants impart to gardens and landscapes. Follow the guidance in this article and you can successfully rid your ferns of destructive nematodes.
What plants are affected by root knot nematode
Most common plants we see affected by these guys:
- Tomatoes
- Swiss Chard
- Beetroot
- Carrots
- Cucumbers
- Zucchini
- Capsicums
- Squash
- Pumpkins
- Tromboncino
Often with root crops you wont notice them until harvest time, where you get these ugly bumpy looking root veggies.
Add beneficial microbes and Mycorrhizae
Having too many of one thing, in this case a root knot nematode infestation, means the good guys in your soil are out of whack. We add Mycogold to our beds that have issues and water it in with worm casting tea and sea weed solution. We continue to do this until things kick back into gear. Making sure your soil is healthy in the long run is going to help.