Contrary to its name, the Australian tree fern (Cyathea cooperi, also known as Sphaeropteris cooperi) is actually more tree than fern. Typically, when we think of ferns, we envision plants such as the painted ferns (Athyrium niponicum) or autumn ferns (Dryopteris erythrosora) , which achieve a mature height of about 18 to 24 inches.
But, in its native habitat of Australia, a tree fern can grow up to 50 feet tall. This tropical plant is easily too tall for most indoor growing situations except for large conservatories and greenhouses. Still, if your space and environment allow, it can be a beautiful addition to your landscape.
Characterized by lacy, feathery fronds that grow from 10 to 20 feet in length and a hair-like, scale-covered trunk, the fast-growing, evergreen Australian tree fern can bring an exotic touch to any garden. Its best planted in the early spring and prefers warm temperatures and partial shade year-round.
Australian tree ferns known by their scientific name Cyathea cooperi, are stunning tropical plants that can bring an exotic vibe to any indoor or outdoor space. With their large graceful fronds and striking tree-like trunks, it’s no wonder they are so popular among gardeners. While relatively easy to care for, repotting these beauties is an essential task to ensure their health and encourage new growth. If your Australian tree fern has outgrown its container or you notice tangled roots emerging from the drainage holes, it’s time for a transplant. Follow this guide to smoothly repot your tree fern.
When to Repot Your Tree Fern
Timing is important when it comes to repotting. Repot in early spring, before the growing season commences. This gives the plant time to recover from any transplant shock and establish itself before rapid summer growth begins. Avoid repotting during the slower winter months, as the plant won’t be able to take up new nutrients and get a good start in its new home.
Signs your Australian tree fern needs repotting:
- Roots growing out of the drainage holes
- Plant is top heavy or tipping over
- Fronds are smaller than usual
- You need to water constantly to keep soil moist
Supplies Needed
Before starting the repotting process gather the following supplies
- A container 2-4 inches larger than the current pot, with drainage holes
- Premium potting mix formulated for ferns
- Gardening gloves to protect hands
- Small, sharp pruners or scissors
- Watering can
- Trowel or small shovel
Step-By-Step Repotting Process
Ready to transplant your Australian tree fern? Follow these steps for stress-free repotting:
Prep the New Container
Select a pot that is 2-4 inches larger in diameter than the current one. Enough room for some root growth, but not excessive space Ensure it has holes for drainage. Fill the bottom inch or two with fresh, high-quality potting mix This will help with drainage.
Remove from Current Pot
Turn the pot on its side and gently slide the fern out. If roots are heavily matted, use pruners to loosen them slightly. This encourages new growth.
Trim Roots
Inspect roots for any signs of disease or damage. Use a clean, sharp tool to trim any dead or rotting roots. This stimulates new healthy roots and prevents potential problems.
Repot the Fern
Place the fern in the new container. Ensure it sits at the same depth as before – not too shallow or deep. Backfill with premium potting mix, pressing gently to remove air pockets.
Water Thoroughly
Once planted, water well to settle the soil. Ensure mix is moist but not saturated. Allow excess water to drain fully.
Ideal Growing Conditions
To keep your newly repotted Australian tree fern thriving:
- Light: Bright indirect light or partial sun. Avoid full sun.
- Temperature: Consistently warm, 65-80°F
- Humidity: High humidity. Mist leaves or use a pebble tray.
- Soil: Rich, moist and well-draining. Add peat moss for moisture retention.
- Water: Keep soil consistently moist, never fully dry. Water crown sparingly to prevent rot.
- Fertilizer: Feed monthly with balanced liquid fertilizer at half strength.
Troubleshooting Common Issues
Repotting stresses plants, but you can minimize problems. Here are some common issues and solutions:
Drooping fronds: Can indicate transplant shock or underwatering. Ensure proper moisture and give recovery time.
Wilting: Usually caused by letting soil dry out. Maintain even moisture.
Few new fronds: Older fronds naturally die off. Keep fertilizing and watering properly.
Root rot: Cause is overwatering. Repot in fresh mix and allow soil to dry between waterings.
Pests: Check for mites, mealybugs. Wipe leaves with mild soap and water or use neem oil.
Plant decline: Can indicate incorrect sunlight or temperature. Move to proper growing conditions.
Repotting Tips for a Flourishing Fern
With the right care, repotting your Australian tree fern into fresh soil can rejuvenate your plant and support lush new growth. Follow these top tips:
- Repot in early spring before growing season starts
- Select a container just 2-4 inches larger than old pot
- Use fresh premium potting mix formulated for ferns
- Water thoroughly after repotting to settle soil
- Provide warm temps, indirect sunlight and constant humidity
- Fertilize monthly to nourish the plant
- Monitor for pests like mites; treat promptly
- Allow time to recover from any transplant shock
Repotting promotes a healthy root system essential for your Australian tree fern to thrive. With the proper care after repotting, your fern will flourish in its new home. Enjoy its graceful, vibrant fronds as your plant grows bigger and stronger.
Types of Australian Tree Ferns
About 1,000 different kinds of tree ferns are found in tropical or subtropical settings.
- Brentwood is a cultivar that grows faster than most tree ferns and is larger with darker green fronds than the species.
- The New Zealand or Tasmanian tree fern is closely related, but the species is actually Dicksonia antarctica, and it tends to have a narrower crown than the Australian tree fern (but has similar requirements).
Water
Keep the soil moist at all times. Australian tree ferns are not drought-tolerant and need weekly watering. In extremely dry weather conditions, their need for moisture and humidity is extremely important. Avoid watering the crown directly because it can cause rot—instead, water the trunk and ensure the soil is consistently moist.
How to Grow and Care for Australian Tree Fern
FAQ
What kind of soil do Australian tree ferns like?
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Hardiness
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9 – 11 What’s My Zone?
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Water Needs
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Average
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Soil Type
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Loam, Sand
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Soil pH
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Acid, Neutral
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Soil Drainage
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Moist but Well-Drained
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Can you grow Australian tree ferns in pots?
Can you transplant an Australian tree fern?
Can you cut a tree fern in half and replant?
How often should you repot an Australian tree fern?
Potting and Repotting: Repot your Australian tree fern every 2-3 years, or when it outgrows its current pot. Use a pot that is only slightly larger than the previous one to avoid overpotting, which can lead to waterlogged soil and root rot. Pruning: Regularly remove any dead or yellowing fronds to maintain the plant’s appearance and overall health.
How do you grow a tree fern in Australia?
You can improve drainage by planting your tree fern on a slope or by adding drainage material such as gravel or sand to the soil. Australian tree ferns need ample space to grow and thrive. The plant’s mature size means that it will require plenty of room for its fronds to spread out.
How do you take care of a fern in Australia?
Digging up the Fern: Using a sharp spade or shovel, carefully dig around the base of the Australian tree fern, keeping a generous distance from the trunk to avoid damaging the roots. Gently lift the fern from the ground, ensuring that the root ball remains intact during the process.
How do you transport an Australian tree fern?
Transporting: Place the Australian tree fern in a container or wheelbarrow for transportation to its new location. Handle the plant with care to prevent any damage to the fronds or roots during transit. Preparing the New Hole: Dig a hole in the new planting location that is twice as wide and deep as the root ball of the tree fern.