Gardening is a great way to get some physical activity, fresh air and sunshine. Plus, it’s a fun way to connect with nature and destress. Vegetable gardening can help you save money on grocery bills and reduce your environmental impact. Some studies have shown that people who garden tend to eat more fruits and vegetables than those who dont garden, likely because gardening makes it easier to access fresh, healthy food. Use these simple steps to get started on a gardening adventure.
Gardening tools are essential for planting, watering, weeding and harvesting plants. Some basic tools include a shovel, hoe, rake, trowel, watering can and pruning shears.
Seeds are the starting point for any garden. When choosing seeds, consider the type of plants you want to grow, the climate you live in and the amount of space you have. Varieties include conventional, heirloom and organic seeds. As a beginner gardener, you may want to consider the most common type, conventional seeds, which are typically bred for high yields and resistance to pests and diseases. Organic seeds are grown without synthetic pesticides or fertilizers, while heirloom seeds are generally passed from generation to generation..
Seedlings are young plants that have been started indoors or in a greenhouse. They are a good option for gardeners who want to get a head start on the growing season. Seedlings can be purchased from a nursery or garden center, or you can start your own from seeds.
Healthy soil is important for growing healthy plants. Good soil should be loose, well-drained and rich in organic matter. You can improve the quality of soil by adding compost or other organic matter such as dried leaves, grass clippings or peat moss (hint: you can find it in home improvement stores). Lastly, consider having your soil tested. The U.S. Department of Agriculture recommends testing soil to make sure it is safe and does not contain high levels of lead.
Water also is essential for plant growth. It is important to use a safe water supply for watering fruit and vegetable plants to eliminate possible chemicals or pathogens. If you are unsure about the quality of your water, have it checked.
Fertilizer provides plants with nutrients to grow stronger. Varieties include organic, synthetic and soil that includes fertilizer. Some fertilizers provide immediate fertilization, while others may provide a “slow release.” Different plants require different types of fertilizer, so be sure to do your research and apply fertilizer as directed.
Compost is a natural fertilizer that is made from organic matter such as leaves, grass clippings and food scraps like banana peels and eggshells. Compost is a great option to consider, especially since it helps to reduce food waste.
As plants mature, support is needed for proper growth. Stakes or trellises provide support for climbing plants, such as cucumbers, and cages may be used for larger plants such as tomatoes.
Becoming a good gardener takes time, patience, and a bit of knowledge Whether you’re just starting out or looking to take your skills to the next level, following these 10 tips will help you become a successful gardener
Get to Know Your Garden
Before planting anything, take the time to understand your garden’s unique conditions. Identify which areas get full sun versus shade and whether you have acidic or alkaline soil. Look at what’s already growing to give clues about the soil. Camellias, magnolias and pieris indicate acidic soil, while their absence suggests alkaline conditions. Doing a soil test will confirm the pH level. This information will tell you what types of plants will thrive.
Make a Garden Plan
Sit down and map out garden beds, pathways, seating areas and more. Planning allows you to thoughtfully place plants according to sunlight, height, color and bloom time for visual appeal For example, cluster sun-loving perennials and annuals together in a sunny bed Place tall trellis plants toward the back of a border behind shorter bloomers.
Learn Proper Planting Techniques
Taking time to prepare soil and plant properly ensures healthy, long-living plants. Weed and loosen soil before planting. Dig holes to the depth of the root ball and twice as wide. For potted plants, gently loosen the roots before placing in the hole. Backfill with soil, tamping down gently to remove air pockets. Water thoroughly after planting. Add mulch around plants to conserve moisture and inhibit weeds.
Water and Feed on Schedule
Inconsistent watering leads to poor plant health. Learn plants’ watering needs and supply the right amount at the proper time. Generally, less frequent deep watering is better than frequent light watering. Add organic matter like compost to help sandy and clay soils retain moisture. Fertilize plants regularly during the growing season according to label directions. Container plants need more frequent feeding than in-ground plants.
Start Small
It’s tempting to tackle everything at once when starting a new garden space, but go slowly. Work on one small section at a time. Cover unused areas with cardboard, plastic or landscape fabric to block weeds until you’re ready to plant there. Starting small allows you to thoroughly prepare soil, plant thoughtfully and stay on top of maintenance in each section.
Monitor for Pests
Keep an eye out for pests like aphids, beetles, slugs and fungi. Early detection can help prevent major infestations. Learn to identify common garden pests and know organic control methods like horticultural oils, insecticidal soaps and neem oil. Maintain plant health through proper care as prevention. Accept minor damage, since many pests play a role in the ecosystem.
Compost Yard Waste
Composting returns nutrients to your soil, reduces landfill waste and provides free fertilizer. Collect plant debris, leaves, grass clippings and certain kitchen scraps in a pile or bin. Turn and water the compost as needed while it breaks down. Apply finished compost as a nutritious mulch around plants. Work some into soil when preparing new garden beds or holes for planting.
Learn Proper Pruning
Pruning maintains plant shape, size and health. With fruit trees and flowering shrubs, it maximizes production. Always prune purposefully, using the right technique for that plant. Time pruning based on when plants bloom, fruit or experience growth spurts. Disinfect pruning tools between plants to prevent disease spread. Remove crossing, damaged or inward-facing branches and just the oldest third of growth.
Provide Wildlife Habitat
A garden teeming with life is a rewarding sight. Birds, butterflies, bees, frogs and other creatures can help control pests and pollinate plants. Put up birdhouses and birdbaths. Include native plants that provide food, shelter and egg-laying sites. Avoid pesticides, grow organic food, and tolerate minor damage, which supports biodiversity. Aim for year-round habitat by planting for sequential blooms and fruits.
Make Time to Relax
Don’t forget to savor your garden oasis! Install benches, hammocks or table seating. Plant fragrant flowers, herbs and foliage near relaxation spots. Position chairs and swings to enjoy views of the garden and passing wildlife. Maintaining a garden takes work, but be sure to pause frequently, observe and appreciate your living space. Share it with others for a give-and-take of knowledge and inspiration.
Following these tips will lead to gardening success and enjoyment. Gardening is a never-ending learning experience. Keep observing your plants and the environment. Experiment, adjust techniques as needed and enjoy the fruits of your labor. With practice and patience, you’ll become a skilled gardener.
Tips for transplanting seedlings:
- Choose a day when the weather is mild, between 60 and 70 degrees Fahrenheit, and not windy.
- Water the seedlings well before transplanting.
- Dig a hole that is twice as wide as the root ball of the seedling.
- Gently remove the seedling from the pot or seed tray and place it in the hole.
- Fill the hole with soil and water the seedling well.
- Apply mulch around the seedling to help retain moisture.
How to Start Seeds Indoors
- Fill seed trays or pots with seed starting mix about 6 to 8 weeks before the last frost date.
- Plant seeds according to package directions.
- Cover seeds with a thin layer of soil.
- Water lightly.
- Place seed trays or pots in a warm, sunny spot. You also can use a grow light.
- Keep soil moist but not soggy.
- Once seedlings have sprouted, thin them out so there is only one seedling per pot or cell in the seed tray.
- Continue to water and fertilize seedlings as needed.
- Begin the process of acclimating the seedlings to the outdoors. Also known as “hardening off,” this allows plants to adjust to the weather, decreasing stress on the plant upon transplanting.
Gardening for Beginners Series: Gardening Basics for Beginners
FAQ
How do I get better at gardening?
Key mindset tips: If something doesn’t work, adjust and try again. Keep learning and experimenting each season. You don’t have to figure it all out on your own. Tap into resources: Join local garden clubs. Watch tutorials on YouTube. Talk to experienced gardeners–most are happy to share advice.
What is the rule of 3 in gardening?
The rule of threes is a design principle that suggests planting in groups of three creates a natural, balanced, and visually appealing look. Below, our Superbells calibrachoa are doing a wonderful job brightening an outdoor area with their amazing bursts of color….Dec 26, 2024
What qualities do you need to be a gardener?
- the ability to work well with your hands.
- to be thorough and pay attention to detail.
- the ability to work well with others.
- customer service skills.
- the ability to operate and control equipment.
- the ability to use, repair and maintain machines and tools.
- physical skills like lifting, bending and reaching.
What is the most common mistake of first time gardeners?
- Planting too much. …
- Planting too soon (or too late) …
- Planting in just any old soil. …
- Planting where there’s not enough sun. …
- Crowding your plants. …
- Planting far from a water source. …
- Not feeding your plants. …
- Forgetting to harvest.