How to Build a Balcony: A Step-by-Step Guide

Adding a balcony to your home can provide a beautiful outdoor space to relax and enjoy views. But constructing a balcony requires careful planning and solid DIY skills. This comprehensive guide will walk you through the entire process of building your own balcony from start to finish.

Choose the Perfect Location

When deciding where to add your balcony, consider:

• Sun exposure – East or south-facing gets the most sun. North will be shadier.

• Accessibility – Ensure the spot connects easily to the indoors. Hauling materials through the house is tough.

• Architecture – Look at surrounding gables, rooflines, windows etc. Enhance existing features.

• Privacy – Determine if you want the balcony public or private from the street/neighbors.

• Size – Measure to confirm your desired dimensions will fit. 10×10 to 20×20 feet are common.

An ideal spot gets the right sunlight and fits the home’s current architecture.

Gather All Required Materials

You’ll need lumber, hardware, tools and safety gear:

Lumber:

• Posts – 4×4 or 6×6 pressure-treated posts to mount the ledger and frame.

• Ledger – 2×8 or 2×10 board to secure to the house rim joist.

• Joists – 2×8 or 2x10s spaced 16 inches on center for the frame,

• Decking – 5/4×6 boards for the floor surface. Treated pine or cedar are good.

Hardware:

• Flashing – Adhere above the ledger board as a weather barrier.

• Hangers – Metal joist hangers to attach joists to the ledger.

• Deck screws – 3-4 inch exterior screws for the frame.

• Anchors – To mount 4×4 rail posts to the frame.

Tools:

• Circular or miter saw – For cutting lumber and decking.

• Drill – With bits for pre-drilling screw holes.

• Level – To ensure the frame is even.

• Tape measure – For laying out joist spacing.

• Safety gear – Gloves, glasses, etc.

Preparation is key! Have all materials before starting to prevent delays.

Secure Required Permits

Most areas need permits for structural additions like balconies. Permits ensure proper code compliance. Expect to:

• Complete a permit application

• Provide balcony design diagrams

• Pay permit fees (around $75)

Approval often takes 2+ weeks. Some areas may require a licensed contractor. Check regulations upfront.

Prep the Build Site

Once your supplies are ready and permit approved:

• Mark the size outline with chalk or tape.

• Lay down drop cloths to protect from dirt and spills.

• Remove siding where the ledger board will mount.

• Stage tools/materials nearby to avoid stepping away.

• Clear space for safe lumber cutting.

• Work near an outlet if using power tools.

Careful prep leads to a smooth build process.

Construct the Balcony Frame

The frame provides critical structural support. Follow these steps:

Install the Ledger Board

• Lag screw the ledger to the rim joist every 12 inches.

• Ensure it fits snugly to prevent water issues.

• Add flashing above as an extra weather barrier.

Build Frame and Attach to Ledger

• Use 2x6s doubled up on unsupported sides.

• Connect with lag screws and corner brackets.

• Position over wall studs for added stability.

Secure Joists and Deck Boards

• Space joists 16 inches on center from the ledger.

• Install 5-1/2 inch deck boards across joists.

• Use multiple screws per board and nails if needed.

Work methodically to construct a square, level, sturdy frame.

Add Railings for Safety

No balcony is complete without secure railings. You can:

• Buy a premade railing kit for $60-$100 per 6 feet.

• Use lumber to make custom railings.

• Drill starter holes every 3-6 inches for balusters.

• Follow kit directions or use screws for custom rail.

Proper railings are crucial for protection and code compliance.

Decorate and Furnish Your Balcony

With construction finished, add:

• Comfy patio furniture like chairs, lounges, tables.

• Flower pots and plants for color and ambiance.

• Accent lighting like lanterns or string lights.

• Rugs, pillows and screens for extra comfort and privacy.

Unleash your creativity to design your perfect balcony oasis!

Consider Hiring a Professional

While DIY is possible, building a balcony involves advanced skills like:

• Safely working on ladders to drill into your home.

• Correctly sizing and placing materials.

• Meeting code requirements.

Consult a local deck builder to ensure proper execution. Average cost is around $8,000.

With careful planning and solid construction, you can create a gorgeous custom balcony to enjoy for years. Savor that feeling of pride when your project is complete! Just be sure to do thorough research and either hone your skills or hire a pro. Your new balcony will provide a peaceful outdoor sanctuary right at home.